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| Paragraph 1 |
Seeing that the modes of opposition are four in number, you should
look for arguments among the contradictories of your terms,
converting
the order of their sequence, both when demolishing and when
establishing a view, and you should secure them by means of
induction - such arguments (e.g.) as that man be an animal, what is
not an animal is not a man: |
| Paragraph 2 |
Then look also at the case of the contraries of S and P in the
thesis, and see if the contrary of the one follows upon the contrary
of the other, either directly or conversely, both when you are
demolishing and when you are establishing a view: |
| Paragraph 3 |
You should look also into cases of the privation or presence of a
state in like manner to the case of contraries. |
| Paragraph 4 |
The case of relative terms should also be studied in like manner
to that of a state and its privation: |
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created 1996/11/25 modified 2009/04/26