Emmanual Kant
Critique of Pure Reason
translated by Meiklejohn
Contents (single-level)
- PRELIMINARIES
- PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION
- PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION, 1787
- INTRODUCTION
- I. Of the difference between Pure and Empirical Knowledge
- II. The Human Intellect, even in an Unphilosophical State, is in Possession of Certain Cognitions a priori.
- III. Philosophy stands in need of a Science which shall Determine the Possibility, Principles, and Extent of Human Knowledge a priori
- IV. Of the Difference Between Analytical and Synthetical Judgements.
- V. In all Theoretical Sciences of Reason, Synthetical Judgements a priori are contained as Principles.
- VI. The Universal Problem of Pure Reason
- VII. Idea and Division of a Particular Science, under the Name of a Critique of Pure Reason
- I. TRANSCENDENTAL DOCTRINE OF ELEMENTS
- FIRST PART. TRANSCENDENTAL AESTHETIC
- INTRODUCTION
- SECTION I. Of Space
- SS 2. Metaphysical Exposition of this Conception
- SS 3. Transcendental Exposition of the Conception of Space
- SS 4. Conclusions from the foregoing Conceptions
- SECTION II. Time
- SS 5 Metaphysical Exposition of this Conception
- SS 6 Transcendental Exposition of the Conception of Time
- SS 7 Conclusions from the above Conceptions
- SS 8 Elucidation
- SS 9 General Remarks on Transcendental Aesthetic
- SS 10 Conclusion of the Transcendental Aesthetic
- SECOND PART. TRANSCENDENTAL LOGIC
- INTRODUCTION. Idea of a Transcendental Logic
- I. Of Logic in General.
- II. Of Transcendental Logic
- III. Of the Division of General Logic into Analytic and Dialectic
- IV. Of the Division of Transcendental Logic into Transcendental Analytic and Dialectic.
- FIRST DIVISION. TRANSCENDENTAL ANALYTIC.
- INTRODUCTION
- BOOK I Analytic of Conceptions.
- CHAPTER I. Of the Transcendental Clue to the Discovery of all Pure Conceptions of the Understanding.
- Introductory. SS 3
- SECTION 1. Of defined above Use of understanding in General. SS 4
- SECTION II. Of the Logical Function of the Understanding in Judgements. SS 5
- SECTION III. Of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding, or Categories. SS 6
- SS 7
- SS 8
- CHAPTER II Of the Deduction of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding
- SECTION I Of the Principles of a Transcendental Deduction in general. SS 9
- Transition to the Transcendental Deduction of the Categories. SS 10
- SECTION II Transcendental Deduction of the pure Conceptions of the Understanding. SS 11
- Of the Possibility of a Conjunction of the manifold representations given by Sense
- Of the Originally Synthetical Unity of Apperception. SS 12
- The Principle of the Synthetical! Unity of Apperception is the highest Principle of all exercise of the Understanding. SS 13
- What Objective Unity of Self-consciousness is. SS 14
- The Logical Form of all Judgements consists in the Objective Unity of Apperception of the Conceptions contained therein. SS 15
- All Sensuous Intuitions are subject to the Categories, as Conditions under which alone the manifold Content of them can be united in one Consciousness. SS 16
- Observation. SS 17
- In Cognition, its Application to Objects of Experience is the only legitimate use of the Category. SS 18
- SS 19
- Of the Application of the Categories to Objects of the Senses in general. SS 20
- SS 21
- Transcendental Deduction of the! universally possible employment in experience of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding. SS 22
- Result of this Deduction of the Conceptions of the Understanding. SS 23
- Short view of the above Deduction.
- BOOK II. Analytic of Principles
- INTRODUCTION. Of the Transcendental Faculty of judgement in General.
- TRANSCENDENTAL DOCTRINE OF THE FACULTY OF JUDGEMENT OR, ANALYTIC OF PRINCIPLES.
- CHAPTER I. Of the Schematism of the Pure Conceptions of the Understanding.
- CHAPTER II. System of all Principles of the Pure Understanding.
- SECTION I. Of the Supreme Principle of all Analytical Judgements.
- SECTION II. Of the Supreme Principle of all Synthetical Judgements.
- SECTION III. Systematic Representation of all Synthetical Principles of the Pure Understanding.
- 1. AXIOMS OF INTUITION.
- 2. ANTICIPATIONS OF PERCEPTION.
- 3. ANALOGIES OF EXPERIENCE.
- A. FIRST ANALOGY.
- B. SECOND ANALOGY.
- C. THIRD ANALOGY.
- 4. THE POSTULATES OF EMPIRICAL THOUGHT.
- REFUTATION OF IDEALISM.
- THEOREM
- PROOF
- GENERAL REMARK ON THE SYSTEM OF PRINCIPLES.
- CHAPTER III Of the Ground of the Division of all Objects into Phenomena and Noumena.!
- APPENDIX Of the Equivocal Nature or Amphiboly of the Conceptions of Reflection from the Confusion of the Transcendental with the Empirical use of the Understanding
- REMARK ON THE AMPHIBOLY OF THE CONCEPTIONS OF REFLECTION.
- SECOND DIVISION. TRANSCENDENTAL DIALECTIC.
- INTRODUCTION.
- I. Of Transcendental Illusory Appearance.
- II. Of Pure Reason as the Seat of Transcendental Illusory Appearance
- A. OF REASON IN GENERAL
- B. OF THE LOGICAL USE OF REASON
- C. OF THE PURE USE OF REASON
- BOOK I OF THE CONCEPTIONS OF PURE REASON
- SECTION I - Of Ideas in General
- SECTION II. Of Transcendental Ideas.
- SECTION III. System of Transcendental Ideas
- BOOK II. OF THE DIALECTICAL PROCEDURE OF PURE REASON.
- CHAPTER I. Of the Paralogisms of Pure Reason
- Refutation of the Argument of Mendelssohn for the Substantiality or Permanence of the Soul
- Conclusion of the Solution of the Psychological Paralogism
- GENERAL REMARK On the Transition from Rational Psychology to Cosmology
- CHAPTER II. The Antinomy of Pure Reason
- SECTION I. System of Cosmological Ideas
- SECTION II. Antithetic of Pure Reason
- FIRST CONFLICT OF THE TRANSCENDENTAL IDEAS
- THESIS
- PROOF
- ANTITHESIS
- PROOF
- OBSERVATIONS ON THE FIRST ANTINOMY
- ON THE THESIS
- ON THE ANTITHESIS
- SECOND CONFLICT OF TRANSCENDENTAL IDEAS
- THESIS
- PROOF
- ANTITHESIS
- PROOF
- OBSERVATIONS ON THE SECOND ANTINOMY
- THESIS
- ANTITHESIS
- THIRD CONFLICT OF THE TRANSCENDENTAL IDEAS
- THESIS
- PROOF
- ANTITHESIS
- PROOF
- OBSERVATIONS ON THE THIRD ANTINOMY
- ON THE THESIS
- ON THE ANTITHESIS
- FOURTH CONFLICT OF THE TRANSCENDENTAL IDEAS
- THESIS
- PROOF
- ANTITHESIS
- PROOF
- OBSERVATIONS ON THE FOURTH ANTINOMY
- ON THE THESIS
- ON THE ANTITHESIS
- SECTION III. Of the Interest of Reason in these Self-contradictions
- SECTION IV. Of the necessity imposed upon Pure Reason of presenting a Solution of its Transcendental Problems
- SECTION V. Sceptical Exposition of the Cosmological Problems presented in the four Transcendental Ideas.
- SECTION VI. Transcendental Idealism as the Key to the Solution of Pure Cosmological Dialectic
- SECTION VII. Critical Solution of the Cosmological Problem
- SECTION VIII. Regulative Principle of Pure Reason in relation to the Cosmological Ideas
- SECTION IX. Of the Empirical Use of the Regulative Principle of Reason with regard to the Cosmological Ideas
- I. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Composition of Phenomena in the Universe.
- II. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Division of a Whole given in Intuition
- Concluding Remark on the Solution of the Transcendental Mathematical Ideas- and Introductory to the Solution of the Dynamical Ideas
- III. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Deduction of Cosmical Events from their Causes
- Possibility of Freedom in Harmony with the Universal Law of Natural Necessity
- Exposition of the Cosmological Idea of Freedom in Harmony with the Universal Law of Natural Necessity
- IV. Solution of the Cosmological Idea of the Totality of the Dependence of Phenomenal Existences
- Concluding Remarks on the Antinomy of Pure Reason
- CHAPTER III. The Ideal of Pure Reason
- SECTION I. Of the Ideal in General
- SECTION II. Of the Transcendental Ideal (Prototypon Trancendentale)
- SECTION III. Of the Arguments employed by Speculative Reason in Proof of the Existence of a Supreme Being
- SECTION IV. Of the Impossibility of an Ontological Proof of the Existence of God
- SECTION V. Of the Impossibility of a Cosmological Proof of the Existence of God
- Detection and Explanation of the Dialectical Illusion in all Transcendental Arguments for the Existence of a Necessary Being
- SECTION VI. Of the Impossibility of a Physico-Theological Proof
- SECTION VII. Critique of all Theology based upon Speculative Principles of Reason
- APPENDIX Of the Regulative Employment of the Ideas of Pure Reason
- Of the Ultimate End of the Natural Dialectic of Human Reason
- II. TRANSCENDENTAL DOCTRINE OF METHOD
- CHAPTER I. The Discipline of Pure Reason.
- SECTION I. The Discipline of Pure Reason in the Sphere of Dogmatism
- SECTION II. The Discipline of Pure Reason in Polemics
- Scepticism not a Permanent State for Human Reason
- SECTION III. The Discipline of Pure Reason in Hypothesis
- SECTION IV. The Discipline of Pure Reason in Relation to Proofs
- CHAPTER II. The Canon of Pure Reason
- SECTION I. Of the Ultimate End of the Pure Use of Reason
- SECTION II. Of the Ideal of the Summum Bonum as a Determining Ground of the Ultimate End of Pure Reason
- SECTION III. Of Opinion, Knowledge, and Belief
- CHAPTER III. The Architectonic of Pure Reason.
- CHAPTER IV. The History of Pure Reason
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first edition 1994/12/23 last modified 1999/8/29